Effects of Water-Diesel Emulsion on the Emission Characteristics of Single Cylinder Direct Injection Diesel engine - A Review

Abstract

Diesel engines generate undesirable emissions during the combustion process. Various control methods have been developed to reduce nitrogen oxides (NOx) and particulate matter (PM) emissions from diesel engines so that the strict emission regulations can be fulfilled. Oxides of nitrogen (NOx) and particulate matter (PM) are the main pollutants from diesel engines and it has been proven that the method of introducing water with fuel to be a powerful and economical technique for reducing these pollutants. Water-Diesel emulsion is a new type of fuel which can be used in place of diesel fuel for the purpose to get the reduction in emissions of diesel engines. Many studies have been done on emulsion fuels and have concluded that this technique has the potential to significantly reduce the formation of NOx and PM and improve combustion efficiency. The emulsified fuel contains water and diesel fuel with some suitable surfactants to stabilize the system. An important aspect pertaining to water-diesel emulsion as a fuel for diesel engines is that it can be used without any modification in the existing engine. This paper presents an overview of recent progress in research of using water-diesel emulsion for the purpose of improving emission characteristics of a single cylinder direct injection diesel engine.