http://localhost:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/381 2026-04-26T08:06:15Z http://localhost:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/3432 Title: Development of Artificial Intelligence Models Based on Genomics Data for Precision Therapy of Glioma Authors: MUNQUAD, SANA Description: NITW 2023-01-01T00:00:00Z http://localhost:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/3431 Title: Production, purification and characterization of siderophores from marine bacteria and their application in heavy metal chelation and silver nano particles synthesis Authors: MOUNIKA, SARVEPALLI Abstract: Iron (Fe) is one of the most essential micronutrients for all the existing life systems. However, at biological pH, Fe gets oxidized to insoluble oxyhydroxide polymers. In low Fe conditions, microbes secrete specialized molecules called Siderophores, which are high affinity and low molecular weight chelating agents that increase iron availability for microbial usage. In marine water, the concentration of Fe is as low as nanomolar. Very little light has been shed on marine bacterial siderophores compared to terrestrial ones. In this study, marine bacteria were isolated from different locations in the Bay of Bengal in Visakhapatnam, India. All the isolates were screened for siderophore production using CAS (Chrome Azurol S) assay, and the most efficient four isolates were selected for further work. 16S rRNA molecular characterization of isolates showed the nearest similarity of SMI_1 with Bacillus taeanensis, AABM_9 with Enterobacter sp., SVU_3 with Marinobacter sp. SVU_3 and AMPPS_5 with Pseudomonas mendocina. The production parameters of the succinate medium were optimized to enhance the siderophore production. The optimum production of siderophores for SMI_1 was 93.57 %SU (Siderophore Units) (after 48 h of incubation at 30 °C, pH 8, sucrose as carbon source, sodium nitrate as nitrogen source, 0.4% of succinic acid) and for AABM_9 was 87.18 %SU (after 36 h of incubation period at 30 ℃ and pH 8 in the presence of sucrose, ammonium sulfate and 0.4% succinic acid). The maximum production of siderophores for SVU_3 was 83.15 %SU (after 48 h of incubation at 35 ℃ and pH 8.5 in the presence of glucose, sodium nitrate and 0.6 % succinic acid) and for AMPPS_5 was 91.17 %SU (after 36 h of incubation at 35 °C, pH 8.5, glucose as carbon source, ammonium sulfate as nitrogen source, and 0.4% of citric acid). Effects of Copper, Manganese and Zinc metal ions on siderophore production were studied. The siderophore was separated using an Amberlite XAD-2 column followed by Sephadex LH-20. The ~ v ~ fractions were concentrated by rotary evaporation and lyophilized, purified by Thin-layer chromatography solvent system n-butanol:acetic acid:dH2O (12:3:5). Wine-coloured spots confirmed presence of hydroxamate type of siderophore on spraying 0.1 M FeCl3 solution. The λmax was observed at 421 nm on UV- spectral analysis which reflects the trihydroxamate siderophores. The chemical nature was identified by Fourier Transformation Infrared analysis (FTIR), Liquid Chromatography – Mass Spectroscopy (LC-MS) and Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. The siderophore was identified at RT 3.95 min on using acetonitrile and water as mobile phase and identified mass of siderophore [M+H]+ m/z 561.3. The heavy metal chelation of siderophore-producing marine bacterial isolates was investigated on Ag+2, Al+2, Cd+2, Co+2, Cr+6, Hg+2, La+3, Mo+6, Ni+2, Pb+2, Pd+2, and Y+3 metal ions (1mM, 5mM) by spotting method. All four isolates showed chelation activity on heavy metals except Ag+2, Cd+2 and Mo+6 due to species-specific trait. Seed germination studies were performed on seeds Brown chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.), Peanut (Arachis hypogaea), Green gram (Vigna radiata), and Kabul chana (Cicer arietinum) using siderophore supernatant. As the siderophores have multiple advantages, the siderophore based silver nanoparticles (AgNP’s) were synthesized and characterized for their optical, physicochemical, crystalline, and elemental composition properties. The antimicrobial activity of these nanoparticles against gram positive-bacteria Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and gram-negative bacteria Bacillus subtilis, Coagulase-negative Staphylococci, Staphylococcus aureus was reported in this study. In summary, four siderophore producing marine bacteria was isolated and characterized. The significant process parameters were optimized for maximum siderophore production and purified using high-throughput techniques. Marine bacterial isolates were screened for chelation activity on different heavy metals at 1mM and 5mM concentration as well as seed ~ vi ~ germination potential also investigated. The as-synthesized siderophore AgNP’s were characterized and anti-bacterial activity was explored. Description: NITW 2023-01-01T00:00:00Z http://localhost:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/3430 Title: Synergistic Sustainable Biorefinery Approach for Corncob Biomass: Optimization, Production, and Assessment of Bioethanol, Glycerol, and Xylooligosaccharides Authors: Gandam, Pradeep Kumar Abstract: This study investigates the prospect of tailored biorefinery objectives targeting specific anatomical sections of corncobs, an underexplored area in the field. The corncob is dissected into its rigid outer anatomical portion (CO) and its inner soft pith (CP). Initially, the comprehensive biomass composition of both CO and CP was determined through four different methods. CP exhibited a higher carbohydrate content and lower lignin content (83.32% and 13.58%, respectively) compared to CO (79.93% and 17.12%, respectively). The syringyl/guaiacyl (S/G) ratio was higher in CP (1.34) than in CO (1.28). Physical characterization confirmed lower crystallinity and thermal stability in CP compared to CO. Saccharification yield of CP without pretreatment matched that of pure cellulose and xylan controls. Subsequently, sustainable pretreatment methodologies for CO were optimized using central composite design. Results were validated using hybrid-artificial neural network models incorporating metaheuristic optimization of hyperparameters through Teaching-Learning-Based Optimization (TLBO), Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO), and Genetic Algorithm (GA). Three potential pretreatment methodologies—NaHCO3, NaOH, and sequential treatment (NaOH followed by H2SO4)—were identified, yielding pretreated CO residues COr1, COr2, and COr3 respectively. A novel strain of Pichia kudriavzevii was isolated from ripened Palmyra palm (Borassus flabellifer) fruit pulp, exhibiting high tolerance to ethanol, lignocellulose-derived inhibitors, and fermentation of various carbon sources (including xylan) over a pH range of 2.5 to 8.5. Simultaneous saccharification and co-fermentation (SSCF) and separate hydrolysis and fermentation (SHCF) modes were employed to valorise COr1, COr2, and COr3 individually. Achieved ethanol and glycerol concentrations 63%, 5% of their theoretical yield (T.Y) respectively. The techno-economic analysis revealed an overall negative profit margin. However, this disparity is notably narrower for the NaOH pretreatment scenario (USD 18.0). This gap can be readily surmounted, when factoring in the co-product credit from the revenue generated (USD 203.3) through XOS production from CP. The potential of xylooligosaccharides production from CP was demonstrated by saccharifying untreated CP with commercial xylanase, achieving an impressive yield of 77% of its theoretical yield (T.Y.). Among the evaluated scenarios, the SSCF process utilizing COr2 in conjunction with XOS production from CP emerged as the most economically sustainable biorefinery option. Although NaOH pretreatment shows lower exergy performance metrics (process efficiency 0.91, sustainability index 10.90, and environmental vi impact 0.09) compared to sequential H2SO4 pretreatment, its economic viability and sustainability make it the preferred choice. Description: NITW 2023-01-01T00:00:00Z http://localhost:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/3429 Title: Functional and in-silico characterization of Mce1R of Mycobacterium tuberculosis Authors: Maity, Dipanwita Abstract: Mycobacterium tuberculosis mostly causes latent tuberculosis infection in humans by entering in a state of "Dormancy" where it silently resides within the host cellular system without establishing active disease symptoms. During dormancy, the pahogen utilizes host derived fatty acids and cholesterol as sole sources of carbon and energy to promote survival and pathogenicity. M. tuberculosis imports fatty acids from extracellular environment through Mce1 transporter which is under transcriptional control of Mce1R, a VanR-type regulator. Mce1R deletion mutants of M. tuberculosis are unable to cause persistent infection which makes Mce1R a novel drug target for anti-tuberculosis drug discovery approaches. In this work functional and in-silico characterization of Mce1R has been performed to some extent. Mce1R gene has been cloned, expressed and purified to homogeneity. Purified Mce1R could specifically bind to the mce1 promoter DNA (operator) with moderate affinity (Kd = 0.35 ± 0.02 μM). Initially, the monomeric unit structure of Mce1R has been modeled using Phyre2 server and validated by computational and experimental methods. Since VanR type regulators form dimers, the dimeric model of Mce1R was modeled using the Galaxy Homomer server and validated again. The structure is found to carry an N-terminal unstructured arm with distinct N- and C-terminal domains like that of VanR-type regulators. Coarse grain molecular dynamics simulation suggests that the N-terminal domain including the N-terminal arm structure is more flexible while the C-terminal domain is comparatively rigid. Structure-guided sequence alignment among the structural orthologs of Mce1R revealed that the N-terminal domain of Mce1R is rich in many highly conserved residues while the C-terminal domain residues are mostly substituted by similar types of residues which suggests that structural dynamics of Mce1R is preserved among the structural orthologs. A ligand-binding cavity has been identified at the C-terminal domain of Mce1R and through binding site matching approach employed by the ProBis server; fatty acids were selected as possible ligands for Mce1R. Molecular docking followed by analysis of Mce1R fatty acids interactions reveled that several cavity residues are mediating hydrophobic interaction with the fatty acid ligands. All atom molecular dynamics simulation of the docked complexes using GROMACS suggests that ligand binding stabilizes the structure of Mce1R. Interestingly, Mce1R is found to preferably form stable complexes with long chain fatty acids and undergo distinct structural changes after binding. Description: NITW 2023-01-01T00:00:00Z